Mastodon
Self-HostedDecentralized open-source social network alternative to Twitter/X
Overview
Mastodon is a federated social platform built on ActivityPub, connecting independent instances for cross-server interactions. It supports microblogging, media sharing (images/videos), and chronological timelines. Deployable via Docker Compose, Kubernetes, or manual setup, it includes admin tools for moderation (content warnings, blocklists), API access for integrations, and privacy controls like private accounts and end-to-end encrypted DMs. No algorithmic feeds ensure unfiltered content.
Key Features
- Federated network via ActivityPub protocol
- Chronological timelines (no algorithmic manipulation)
- Robust moderation tools for instance admins
- Privacy controls (private accounts, E2EE DMs)
- Cross-instance content sharing
Frequently Asked Questions
? Is Mastodon hard to install?
Mastodon offers simplified deployment via Docker Compose, with official step-by-step guides for Docker, Kubernetes, or manual setup. Basic Linux server skills are helpful, but pre-built images and community resources reduce complexity. Most self-hosters find Docker setup straightforward.
? Is it a good alternative to Twitter/X?
Yes—Mastodon supports core microblogging features (posts, threads, media) but with decentralized control and better privacy. It lacks algorithmic feeds (timelines are chronological) and avoids big tech's data practices. The federated model differs from Twitter's single platform but still enables wide-reaching interactions.
? Is it completely free?
Mastodon is open-source (AGPLv3 license) and free to self-host or use on public instances. Public instances may accept donations for server costs, but there are no mandatory fees for core usage. Self-hosting requires server expenses (e.g., hosting, bandwidth) but no software charges.
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Tool Info
Pros
- ⊕ Privacy-focused with no data harvesting by a single entity
- ⊕ Decentralized (no centralized control or censorship)
- ⊕ Open-source (customizable and auditable codebase)
- ⊕ No mandatory subscription fees
- ⊕ Strong community-driven development
Cons
- ⊖ Requires basic server knowledge for self-hosting
- ⊖ Federated model has a learning curve for new users
- ⊖ Instance-specific rules may restrict interactions
- ⊖ Lower mainstream discoverability vs. centralized platforms